INFO

What Squiggles are • How to play through a season • Prediction • FAQ • The Model • Flagpole

What Squiggles are

Squiggles are visualizations of AFL team performances, charting attack and defence over the course of a season.

Teams ⇡ high on the chart kick big scores. Teams on the ⇢ right keep their opposition to low scores. Teams in the ↗ upper-right do both. Teams in the ↙ lower-left do neither.

Squiggles are handy because:

• They visualize different game styles. For example, Ross Lyon teams at their peak lurk on the right side of the chart about halfway up, since they keep their opposition to low scores without scoring highly themselves.

• They provide interesting season replays, showing how teams rose or fell at different times of the year.

• They minimize fixture bias by accounting for the difficulty of opponents (and venue).

• They predict how the season will play out based on current likelihoods.

Squiggle is roughly as accurate as tipping the favourite every game. (Which is hard to beat!) Over a season, an informed, observant human should be able to beat it, but not by much. It will beat an average human tipper. You can review its accuracy by visiting the TIPS section of any year.

How to play through a season

To watch the evolution of a past season, use the top controls:

Rewind to the start of the season

Previous Round

Next Round

Reload

You can also:

• Click a team name in the legend at the top to hide/show it.

• Click a team flag to remove every other team.

For example, you might like to rewind, click Hawthorn's flag to remove all other teams, click Geelong's name in the legend to add it back in, then repeatedly step through the season to watch their dance of death.

To zoom in on an area, drag a box around it.

Prediction

Weekly Tips

Click TIPS at the top of the page. If a team beats the tipped scoreline—i.e. wins by more than predicted, loses by less than predicted, or records an upset win—it will generally move in a positive direction on the chart (i.e. more up-and-right than down-and-left), while if its result is worse, it will generally move in a negative direction.

You can view tips for previous rounds via the "History" link on the Tips page.

Season Predictor

This is how the ladder will look if Squiggle has correctly rated every team and nobody gets better or worse.

For the home & away season, it uses a probabilistic ladder, not a simple tally of tips. Both teams are awarded a win probability from each game, so that if Squiggle thinks Hawthorn is 68% likely to beat Collingwood, it will award the Hawks 0.68 wins and the Pies 0.32 wins, increasing both team's tally of "probable wins" by less than 1.

This is because if a team plays 10 games with 60% likelihood of winning each game, we should expect them to win about 6/10—not, as we would get if we tipped each game and tallied up the tips, 10/10. We know that upsets will happen; we just don't know when. A probabilitistic ladder accounts for the likelihood that teams will sometimes unexpectedly win or lose, even though we doesn't know when.

This can look like a bug in the predictor, if you see a team tipped to win a match that doesn't seem to be credited. For example, a team might be on "15 (14.7)" wins, which means 14.7 "probable wins" rounded off to 15. (Rounding occurs so that teams can be secondarily ranked by their percentage.) And then that team is tipped to win the following week, but it remains on 15 wins, now "15 (15.3)". What has happened is the number of probable wins hasn't risen by enough to be rounded to a higher number. It has earned 0.6 more probable wins, but this still rounds off to 15. The predictor is saying it's still most likely this team will be on 15 wins, after accounting for the likelihood that some of its tips will be wrong.

Finals matches are predicted using simple tips. However, this isn't a very reliable way of doing it, and not Squiggle's official Premier tip. For this, please see Flagpole.

Starting the season: Team starting positions are heavily influenced by their late-season performances the previous year, and the off-season is completely ignored. There is no adjustment made for recovery from injuries, or players gained or lost via the draft or trade table, or anything else. For example, Collingwood started 2015 rated very low due to their injury-plagued end to 2014, while Adelaide and West Coast started in good positions after solid late-2014 performances.

Interactive Season Predictor

Drag teams around the chart and make Squiggle predict the rest of the season based on the new positions! It's the best of both worlds: your footy insight plus Squiggle's ability to sensibly model a season.

Reposition teams to your heart's content, open up the Predictor and click RECALCULATE.

This also provides a shareable link to the generated squiggle, so you can show off your work to other people.

FAQ

What causes a team to move?

Teams move when they do better or worse than Squiggle expected.

The most important factor is the final scoreline. When a team scores more than Squiggle expected, they move ⇡ up; when they score less, they move move ⇣ down; when they hold their opposition to a lower score, they move ⇢; right; and when they allow their opposition to score more, they move ⇠ left.

Of course, usually two of these things happen at once, so they move on a diagonal:

↗ Scored more than predicted, held opponent to less than predicted

↘ Scored less than predicted, held opponent to less than predicted

↙ Scored less than predicted, opponent scored more than predicted

↖ Scored more than predicted, opponent scored more than predicted

How far a team moves depends on how different the result was from Squiggle's prediction. If the result was close to expectation, a team may barely budge. But an unexpected thrashing will cause a lot of movement.

Do teams get more movement against easy opposition?

No, because Squiggle expects better performances against weaker opponents, and to move to a better position, the team has to beat this expectation.

For the same reason, Squiggle isn't affected by fixture bias.

Can a team lose and still move into a better squiggle position?

Yes! Squiggle believes in honourable losses and shameful victories. If a team is expected to win by 10 goals but only prevails by 5, it will slide.

What factors are considered?

A team's rating is modified after each game by looking at:

• Scores, obviously.

• Scoring Shots: a team is rated more highly if they record more scoring shots.

• Venue: teams are expected to perform better at venues with which they are more familiar.

• Team Selections: teams are expected to perform better when they select more highly-rated players.

• Stage of Season: team ratings are more fluid in the early part of each season.

• Past Games: each new game is combined with past results.

Can a team beat the tipped result and still fall back on the chart?

Yes! Two factors can cause unusual chart movement:

• Scoring Shots: where one team is much more accurate than the other. For example, in the opening match of 2018, Richmond won 17.19 (121) to Carlton 15.5 (95). Squiggle tipped a 29-point win, so normally the Tigers would slightly regress after winning by only 26 points. However, after factoring in the scoring shot disparity, Richmond's performance was rated more highly, and the Tigers moved positively on the chart.

• Team Selections: where a team has significant ins/outs. For example, in the second match of 2018, Essendon defeated Adelaide by 12 points. This was very similar to Squiggle's expectation of a 7-point Essendon win, so normally neither team would move much. However, Adelaide selected a much weaker team than their previous game (the 2017 Grand Final); without this, Squiggle would have tipped Adelaide by 9 points. As a result, Essendon received less positive movement than they would have for the same scoreline against a normal-strength Adelaide. The Crows also saw negative movement, since the result was worse than what would have been expected from them given their previous rating.

How is home ground advantage determined?

As described in the Model section, home ground advantage in Squiggle 2.0 is generated from ground familiarity: How often the teams have played at the same ground and in the same state over the preceding 4 years (including the current season).

What are Squiggle's weaknesses?

Some quirks of Squiggle, which you may decide to compensate for as an intelligent human, include:

• Squiggle doesn't consider a team's level of motivation, which seems to be fairly significant. Squiggle assumes all teams are trying equally hard at all times.

• Squiggle doesn't consider the impact of weather. It may reward a team for having a good defence when in reality what was making it hard to score was torrential rain. This doesn't seem to happen often enough to throw anything too far out, but does occur from time to time.

• Squiggle doesn't place any special value on wins. That is, it doesn't see much difference between a 1-point victory and a 1-point loss. It may thus underestimate a team that does "just enough," or is especially good at holding on in tight contests. Likewise, it may overestimate a team that regularly gets itself into winning positions against good teams but lacks the ability to close the games out.

• Squiggle gets excited about very low-scoring games. The maths mean that if a team is expected to keep its opposition to 80 points, and it actually keeps them to 40, this is considered twice as good, while keeping them to 20 points is considered four times as good, and keeping them to 10 points is eight times as good. Those are some big multipliers: to be 8 times better than a predicted 80 points in terms of Attack, a team would need to score 640 points (80 x 8), which is a lot more than the all-time AFL record. This means it's significantly easier for a team to move rapidly rightwards on a squiggle than upwards.

• The underlying model generates some inflation over the course of a season, which causes Squiggle to rate teams about 5-10% higher by the end of the year compared to the start. This seems useful for predictive purposes, as it allows for more movement leading into finals. However, it means that a team that doesn't actually change strength at all will be shown to slightly improve its chart position over the course of the season.

Why does the model use those values?

All the numbers used by Squiggle are that way because they worked best (i.e. made the most accurate predictions) when every possible combination was tested with a simulator replaying the last few decades.

How are the year's starting values calculated?

2015 starting positions are very similar to their end 2014 positions—the only difference is that 2013 data is no longer considered, so teams are modeled from the start of 2014 with each beginning on 50 ATTACK and 50 DEFENCE.

This means late-season 2014 results weigh quite heavily. For example, Collingwood had an injury-plagued end to 2014, and so is rated very low. Adelaide and West Coast, by contrast, finished the year with several solid performances, and so begin the year higher than you might expect.

What's with those crazy charts for the 1900s!?

Football scores were a lot lower a century ago, especially in the very early years, when single-digit scorelines abounded. Squiggle is calibrated for modern football, and thinks a game in which one team is held to a single goal (or no goals!) signifies an unbelievably good defensive effort. This causes teams to go shooting off to the right quite often in charts from the 1890s, 1900s and 1910s. So it's not a particularly good visualization of the strength of any particular team in that era. But it is interesting in terms of how different the whole league looks: how low and flat it is compared to today.

Similary, it can be interesting to look at where the mass of teams tends to sit in different decades; for example, how attacking the late 1980s was, with plenty of teams sitting high & centre/left compared to today.

The Model

The foundation of the Squiggle model is the OFFDEF engine, which rates teams separately in terms of attack and defense. Each team is initially assigned a starting value of 50 for each.

Scores are predicted for each match using the formula:

PREDICTED SCORE = 85 * TEAM ATTACK ÷ OPPOSITION DEFENCE

For example, in a match between a team with ATTACK 56 and an opposition with DEFENCE 50, the team is predicted to score: 85 * 56 ÷ 50 = 95 points.

Predicted scores are compared to the actual scores, and ATTACK and DEFENCE adjusted accordingly. For example, if a team scored more highly than predicted, its ATTACK score needs to be increased, since Squiggle underrated it. Likewise, the opposition's DEFENCE score should decrease, since they failed to restrict the team as well as predicted. This is done by calculating what these scores would have to have been to predict the result perfectly, then constructing a weighted average of this along with all other results.

At the start of a season, team starting points are calculated by doing the above for the previous season. For example, to calculate starting points for 2014, each team is assigned 50 to ATTACK and DEFENCE, then the 2013 season is played through.

The units are completely arbitrary, and entirely due to the choice of 50 as a starting value for each team's ATTACK and DEFENCE. They have no meaning except when comparing teams to each other.

Several other filters and algorithms are used to manipulate scores produced by the OFFDEF engine, including venue (for home ground advantage), round number, team selections, and scoring shots.

Home Ground Advantage

Teams are compared based on the number of times they've played at the venue and in the same state.

Tip Probability

When determining "probable wins" in the Season Predictor, an algorithm is used that reflects the actual accuracy of Squiggle tips vs real-life results. Three factors affect the likelihood of a tip being correct:

• Margin: The greater the predicted margin, the more likely the tip is to be correct.

• Round Number: Games that occur later in the season are a little more likely to be tipped correctly.

• Weeks Until Game: Games that are weeks or months in the future are a little less likely to be tipped correctly.

Model Versions

Squiggle v1 used the algorithm ISTATE-91:12, in which 12 points of Home Ground Advantage is awarded to the home team in interstate games only, and each new game forms 9% of the team's new rating (with previous games forming 91%). Follow this link for Squiggles generated under the v1 algorithm.

Squiggle 2.0 made several changes in 2018:

• Greater sensitivity in early rounds to better captures the sometimes substantial form changes that occur over an off-season.

• Factor in goalkicking accuracy, by discounting scores that resulted from unusually high accuracy (i.e. kicking many more goals than behinds), and padding scores that resulted from unusually low accuracy, since these tend to be non-reproducible.

• Generate home ground advantage from a ground familiarity algorithm.

Squiggle4 added Ins/Out awareness in mid-2018, so it can adjust predictions based on team selection.

Squiggle5 moved to a more crowd-based model of home ground advantage in 2020.

To compare Squiggle's performance to other computer models, see the Squiggle Models Leaderboard.

Flagpole

Flagpole is currently a combined strength rating of each team, downgraded by its likelihood of missing finals.

For example, if two teams are currently have the same combined OFFENCE and DEFENCE, but one is certain of making finals while the other has a 25% chance of missing, the latter's will Flagpole will be 75% of the height of the former.

Tower of Power shows how likely teams are (or were) to finish the Home & Away season in various ladder positions, according to squiggle simulations.

At the start of a season, with many games remaining and uncertainty about the strength of each team, there are long strips, as teams could plausibly finish in many different places. Later, they flatten out, as the range of likely finishes shrinks.

Use the top player controls to watch changes throughout a season:

Some creative license is taken for the purposes of visual appeal, which is why final ladder positions appear somewhat diagonal.

* If the round number is marked with an asterisk, the Tower is generated from fewer simulations in order to provide a faster result.

FINALS CHANCES

		Minor Premier	Top 4	Top 8	Bottom 4	Spoon

MODE LADDER

			Likelihood	If not, then...

A Mode Ladder may be useful in the last round or two of a season, since it focuses on the most likely exact finishing position for teams, rather than averaging a range of possibilities. For example, after Round 22, 2017 with one round to go, Richmond were highly likely to finish either 3rd or 6th. Normally this would be averaged out to a prediction of about 4th -- even though the Tigers couldn't possibly finish there. The Mode Ladder avoids this problem.

A Mode Ladder is less useful than other forecasting methods until very late in the season, since until then there are too many possible final ladder combinations.

In 1987, algorithm SQUIGGLE5 correctly tipped 111 games at an accuracy of 69.38%.

Draws are counted as correct tips. Historically, Squiggle employed the ISTATE-91:12 algorithm from 2013-2017, the SQUIGGLE2 algorithm for the first 12 rounds of 2018, and SQUIGGLE4 thereafter. To view historical tips from Squiggle (and other models) irrespective of the algorithm, see the Squiggle API or the models leaderboard.

Round 1

North Melbourne (104) lost to Brisbane Lions (137) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Brisbane Lions by 33) North Melbourne by 22
Carlton (104) lost to Hawthorn (149) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 45) Hawthorn by 6
Collingwood (74) lost to Sydney (165) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Sydney by 91) Collingwood by 3
Western Bulldogs (62) lost to Essendon (121) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Essendon by 59) Essendon by 12
Melbourne (128) defeated Fitzroy (89) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 39) Fitzroy by 22
St Kilda (101) lost to Geelong (102) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Geelong by 1) Geelong by 1
West Coast (133) defeated Richmond (119) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 14) West Coast by 15

Round 2

North Melbourne (92) defeated Melbourne (59) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 33) Melbourne by 7
Geelong (131) lost to Brisbane Lions (150) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Brisbane Lions by 19) Brisbane Lions by 2
Collingwood (107) lost to Carlton (114) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 7) Carlton by 26
Essendon (119) defeated West Coast (114) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 5) Essendon by 46
Fitzroy (159) defeated St Kilda (115) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 44) Fitzroy by 19
Richmond (93) lost to Hawthorn (155) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Hawthorn by 62) Hawthorn by 69
Sydney (187) defeated Western Bulldogs (79) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 108) Sydney by 48

Round 3

Fitzroy (129) defeated North Melbourne (55) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 74) Fitzroy by 10
St Kilda (133) defeated Brisbane Lions (83) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 50) Brisbane Lions by 13
Western Bulldogs (40) lost to Carlton (127) at Western Oval (VIC) [Carlton by 87) Carlton by 30
Hawthorn (145) defeated Collingwood (68) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 77) Hawthorn by 42
Richmond (130) defeated Essendon (84) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 46) Essendon by 34
Geelong (128) defeated Melbourne (94) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 34) Geelong by 8
West Coast (97) lost to Sydney (124) at Subiaco (WA) [Sydney by 27) Sydney by 50

Round 4

Carlton (191) defeated West Coast (104) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 87) Carlton by 50
Geelong (127) lost to North Melbourne (136) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [North Melbourne by 9) Geelong by 13
Melbourne (139) defeated St Kilda (92) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 47) Melbourne by 8
Brisbane Lions (114) lost to Fitzroy (129) at Carrara (QLD) [Fitzroy by 15) Fitzroy by 10
Collingwood (110) defeated Richmond (100) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 10) Richmond by 5
Essendon (113) defeated Sydney (66) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 47) Sydney by 22
Western Bulldogs (96) defeated Hawthorn (55) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 41) Hawthorn by 57

Round 5

North Melbourne (127) defeated St Kilda (110) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 17) North Melbourne by 16
Carlton (116) defeated Essendon (62) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 54) Carlton by 16
Collingwood (89) defeated Western Bulldogs (85) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 4) Western Bulldogs by 2
Geelong (184) defeated Fitzroy (109) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 75) Fitzroy by 11
Hawthorn (92) lost to West Coast (104) at Princes Park (VIC) [West Coast by 12) Hawthorn by 52
Richmond (126) lost to Sydney (146) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Sydney by 20) Sydney by 38
Brisbane Lions (86) defeated Melbourne (81) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 5) Brisbane Lions by 12

Round 6

Sydney (94) defeated Carlton (87) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 7) Sydney by 0
Collingwood (105) defeated Brisbane Lions (58) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 47) Collingwood by 2
Essendon (96) drew with Geelong (96) at Windy Hill (VIC) [DRAW by 0) Essendon by 19
Western Bulldogs (78) defeated St Kilda (34) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 44) Western Bulldogs by 19
Melbourne (110) defeated Richmond (69) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 41) Richmond by 2
Fitzroy (104) lost to Hawthorn (113) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Hawthorn by 9) Hawthorn by 24
West Coast (162) defeated North Melbourne (88) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 74) West Coast by 16

Round 7

West Coast (81) defeated Brisbane Lions (62) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 19) West Coast by 14
Carlton (150) defeated Geelong (94) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 56) Carlton by 46
Melbourne (126) defeated Collingwood (80) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 46) Melbourne by 2
Fitzroy (159) defeated Essendon (134) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 25) Essendon by 4
Western Bulldogs (88) lost to North Melbourne (122) at Western Oval (VIC) [North Melbourne by 34) Western Bulldogs by 16
St Kilda (137) defeated Richmond (114) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 23) Richmond by 16
Sydney (122) defeated Hawthorn (114) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 8) Sydney by 17

Round 8

Sydney (87) lost to Fitzroy (116) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Fitzroy by 29) Sydney by 35
Collingwood (68) lost to Essendon (94) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Essendon by 26) Essendon by 15
Melbourne (81) lost to Western Bulldogs (105) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 24) Melbourne by 3
Hawthorn (112) defeated Geelong (65) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 47) Hawthorn by 34
St Kilda (97) defeated West Coast (49) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 48) West Coast by 21
Brisbane Lions (144) defeated Richmond (109) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 35) Brisbane Lions by 14
North Melbourne (71) lost to Carlton (105) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 34) Carlton by 49

Round 9

Richmond (94) lost to North Melbourne (128) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 34) North Melbourne by 6
Western Bulldogs (103) defeated Brisbane Lions (71) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 32) Western Bulldogs by 17
Carlton (92) defeated Fitzroy (70) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 22) Carlton by 23
Collingwood (105) defeated St Kilda (99) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 6) Collingwood by 5
Hawthorn (165) defeated Essendon (51) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 114) Hawthorn by 19
Geelong (104) defeated Sydney (79) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 25) Sydney by 15
West Coast (135) defeated Melbourne (119) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 16) West Coast by 11

Round 10

Carlton (184) defeated Brisbane Lions (81) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 103) Carlton by 54
Essendon (80) lost to Melbourne (102) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Melbourne by 22) Essendon by 4
Western Bulldogs (79) defeated Fitzroy (46) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 33) Fitzroy by 8
Richmond (97) lost to Geelong (118) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Geelong by 21) Geelong by 17
Hawthorn (154) defeated St Kilda (98) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 56) Hawthorn by 52
Sydney (136) lost to North Melbourne (145) at S.C.G. (NSW) [North Melbourne by 9) Sydney by 37
West Coast (137) defeated Collingwood (80) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 57) West Coast by 21

Round 11

St Kilda (106) lost to Essendon (121) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [Essendon by 15) Essendon by 13
Western Bulldogs (121) defeated West Coast (99) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 22) Western Bulldogs by 18
North Melbourne (91) lost to Hawthorn (113) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 22) Hawthorn by 42
Brisbane Lions (64) lost to Sydney (137) at Carrara (QLD) [Sydney by 73) Sydney by 22
Melbourne (90) lost to Carlton (135) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 45) Carlton by 40
Geelong (115) defeated Collingwood (110) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Geelong by 5) Geelong by 12
Fitzroy (123) lost to Richmond (149) at Princes Park (VIC) [Richmond by 26) Fitzroy by 26

Round 12

North Melbourne (100) defeated Essendon (64) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 36) North Melbourne by 0
Carlton (97) defeated St Kilda (96) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 1) Carlton by 56
Collingwood (106) defeated Fitzroy (80) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Collingwood by 26) Fitzroy by 17
Richmond (74) lost to Western Bulldogs (142) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 68) Western Bulldogs by 25
Geelong (91) defeated West Coast (85) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 6) Geelong by 6
Melbourne (76) lost to Sydney (112) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Sydney by 36) Sydney by 16
Brisbane Lions (70) lost to Hawthorn (165) at Carrara (QLD) [Hawthorn by 95) Hawthorn by 42

Round 13

West Coast (114) defeated Fitzroy (42) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 72) West Coast by 13
Essendon (64) defeated Brisbane Lions (27) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 37) Essendon by 25
Richmond (27) lost to Carlton (43) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 16) Carlton by 57
Collingwood (18) lost to North Melbourne (72) at Waverley Park (VIC) [North Melbourne by 54) North Melbourne by 11
Western Bulldogs (89) defeated Geelong (50) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 39) Western Bulldogs by 19
Hawthorn (44) lost to Melbourne (57) at Princes Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 13) Hawthorn by 42
Sydney (134) defeated St Kilda (75) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 59) Sydney by 50

Round 14

Sydney (101) defeated Collingwood (74) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 27) Sydney by 46
Hawthorn (80) defeated Carlton (79) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 1) Carlton by 8
Essendon (52) lost to Western Bulldogs (64) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 12) Western Bulldogs by 15
Fitzroy (82) defeated Melbourne (34) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 48) Melbourne by 11
Geelong (98) defeated St Kilda (27) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 71) Geelong by 22
Richmond (73) defeated West Coast (69) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 4) West Coast by 7
Brisbane Lions (113) lost to North Melbourne (151) at Carrara (QLD) [North Melbourne by 38) North Melbourne by 25

Round 15

West Coast (118) lost to Essendon (146) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [Essendon by 28) West Coast by 17
St Kilda (134) defeated Fitzroy (100) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 34) Fitzroy by 22
Western Bulldogs (73) lost to Sydney (106) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Sydney by 33) Western Bulldogs by 8
Hawthorn (134) defeated Richmond (77) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 57) Hawthorn by 40
Melbourne (110) lost to North Melbourne (112) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 2) North Melbourne by 12
Brisbane Lions (119) defeated Geelong (78) at Carrara (QLD) [Brisbane Lions by 41) Geelong by 14
Carlton (136) defeated Collingwood (112) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 24) Carlton by 48

Round 16

Essendon (137) defeated Richmond (83) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 54) Essendon by 11
North Melbourne (156) defeated Fitzroy (123) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 33) North Melbourne by 15
Brisbane Lions (93) lost to St Kilda (121) at Carrara (QLD) [St Kilda by 28) Brisbane Lions by 9
Carlton (133) defeated Western Bulldogs (78) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 55) Carlton by 18
Collingwood (43) lost to Hawthorn (168) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 125) Hawthorn by 40
Sydney (201) defeated West Coast (71) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 130) Sydney by 28
Melbourne (117) defeated Geelong (77) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 40) Melbourne by 5

Round 17

West Coast (107) defeated Carlton (104) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [West Coast by 3) Carlton by 32
Hawthorn (162) defeated Western Bulldogs (65) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 97) Hawthorn by 21
North Melbourne (79) lost to Geelong (176) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Geelong by 97) North Melbourne by 21
St Kilda (114) defeated Melbourne (68) at Waverley Park (VIC) [St Kilda by 46) Melbourne by 18
Fitzroy (131) defeated Brisbane Lions (106) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 25) Fitzroy by 29
Richmond (128) defeated Collingwood (89) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Richmond by 39) Richmond by 4
Sydney (236) defeated Essendon (73) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 163) Sydney by 32

Round 18

Sydney (198) defeated Richmond (107) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Sydney by 91) Sydney by 55
Melbourne (153) defeated Brisbane Lions (99) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 54) Melbourne by 33
Essendon (69) lost to Carlton (70) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 1) Carlton by 34
Western Bulldogs (65) defeated Collingwood (54) at Western Oval (VIC) [Western Bulldogs by 11) Western Bulldogs by 24
Fitzroy (129) defeated Geelong (87) at Princes Park (VIC) [Fitzroy by 42) Geelong by 4
St Kilda (106) defeated North Melbourne (81) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 25) North Melbourne by 21
West Coast (115) defeated Hawthorn (114) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 1) Hawthorn by 31

Round 19

North Melbourne (120) defeated West Coast (109) at W.A.C.A. (WA) [North Melbourne by 11) West Coast by 9
Carlton (123) defeated Sydney (55) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 68) Carlton by 11
Geelong (92) defeated Essendon (65) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Geelong by 27) Geelong by 12
Hawthorn (165) defeated Fitzroy (105) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 60) Hawthorn by 41
St Kilda (104) defeated Western Bulldogs (101) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 3) Western Bulldogs by 15
Richmond (100) lost to Melbourne (119) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 19) Melbourne by 7
Brisbane Lions (77) lost to Collingwood (100) at Carrara (QLD) [Collingwood by 23) Brisbane Lions by 4

Round 20

Geelong (88) lost to Carlton (156) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Carlton by 68) Carlton by 23
Collingwood (59) lost to Melbourne (114) at Victoria Park (VIC) [Melbourne by 55) Melbourne by 14
Essendon (127) defeated Fitzroy (86) at Windy Hill (VIC) [Essendon by 41) Essendon by 1
North Melbourne (125) drew with Western Bulldogs (125) at M.C.G. (VIC) [DRAW by 0) Western Bulldogs by 1
Hawthorn (142) defeated Sydney (97) at Princes Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 45) Hawthorn by 21
Richmond (133) defeated St Kilda (57) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Richmond by 76) Richmond by 0
Brisbane Lions (119) lost to West Coast (140) at Carrara (QLD) [West Coast by 21) West Coast by 24

Round 21

Melbourne (129) defeated West Coast (68) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 61) Melbourne by 13
Fitzroy (84) lost to Carlton (124) at Princes Park (VIC) [Carlton by 40) Carlton by 43
St Kilda (107) defeated Collingwood (58) at Moorabbin Oval (VIC) [St Kilda by 49) St Kilda by 7
Essendon (64) lost to Hawthorn (114) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 50) Hawthorn by 39
North Melbourne (122) defeated Richmond (84) at M.C.G. (VIC) [North Melbourne by 38) North Melbourne by 8
Brisbane Lions (71) lost to Western Bulldogs (153) at Carrara (QLD) [Western Bulldogs by 82) Western Bulldogs by 19
Sydney (122) lost to Geelong (131) at S.C.G. (NSW) [Geelong by 9) Sydney by 35

Round 22

Richmond (113) lost to Brisbane Lions (169) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Brisbane Lions by 56) Richmond by 41
Carlton (129) defeated North Melbourne (125) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 4) Carlton by 36
Fitzroy (133) lost to Sydney (141) at Princes Park (VIC) [Sydney by 8) Sydney by 19
Western Bulldogs (68) lost to Melbourne (83) at Western Oval (VIC) [Melbourne by 15) Western Bulldogs by 4
Geelong (123) lost to Hawthorn (126) at Kardinia Park (Gee) [Hawthorn by 3) Hawthorn by 24
Essendon (139) lost to Collingwood (144) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Collingwood by 5) Essendon by 18
West Coast (175) defeated St Kilda (87) at Subiaco (WA) [West Coast by 88) West Coast by 22

Qualifying Final

Hawthorn (156) defeated Sydney (57) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 99) Hawthorn by 28
Melbourne (158) defeated North Melbourne (40) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 118) Melbourne by 2

Semi Final

Carlton (80) defeated Hawthorn (65) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Carlton by 15) Hawthorn by 6
Melbourne (149) defeated Sydney (73) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Melbourne by 76) Melbourne by 20

Preliminary Final

Hawthorn (80) defeated Melbourne (78) at Waverley Park (VIC) [Hawthorn by 2) Hawthorn by 10

Grand Final

Carlton (104) defeated Hawthorn (71) at M.C.G. (VIC) [Carlton by 33) Carlton by 4